A mature sperm measures about 60 μ (0.06 mm) long.
A plasma membrane envelops the whole body of sperm. Sperm consists of a. Head: Oval shaped. Formed of nucleus and acrosome. Acrosome is formed from Golgi complex. It contains lytic enzymes. Behind the head is a neck containing proximal and distal centrioles. b. Middle piece: Composed of axial filament surrounded by mitochondria and cytoplasm. Mitochondria produce energy for the sperm motility. c. Tail: Consists of a central axial filament. The sperm moves in fluid medium and female genital tract by the undulating movement of the tail.
Sperms are transported by the accessory ducts. Secretions of epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle and prostate are essential for maturation and motility of sperms.
Seminal plasma & sperms together constitute the semen.
